why did stalin exile trotsky30 Mar why did stalin exile trotsky

Trotsky prevented Mercader from inflicting another, fatal blow and battled for his life until his bodyguards arrived. Stalin did not answer these pathetic words. Well Trotsky commanded lots of respect from the Red Army due to his role in the Civil War and in Lenin's Testaments (1922) he was suggested to take over. History Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for historians and history buffs. Due to the indoctrination put in play my Hitler's followers, the children were more faithful to Nazi-ism than to their family. In what ways would have this endangered the political legacy? Unlike Trotsky, it would have been no trouble at all for Stalin to keep Bukharin quietly under house arrest. But he lost out to Joseph. Thanks to tienne, the GPU could count on seeing many of the articles from the latter before they even appeared in print. When he read the infamous sentence uttered by Stalins Prosecutor-General, Andrey VyshinskyI demand that these dogs gone mad should be shotevery one of them!Trotsky knew this was no idle threat. How is Jesus " " (Luke 1:32 NAS28) different from a prophet (, Luke 1:76 NAS28)? And the fact that today he is playing first is not so much a summing up of the man as it is of this transitional period of political backsliding in the country.". To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. This much more radical perspective culminated in his 1936 The Revolution Betrayed. Benito Mussolini, a former socialist, acquired power in Rome in 1922 and his Fascist dictatorship became a fierce enemy of the Bolsheviks. Blyukher had no problem with an innocent man been executed, the only thing he was against in this brilliant plan, is the mother of his child being such a man. In the 1920-30s, Trotsky was an important figure in the Marxist opposition against Joseph Stalin. The violence swept away both supporters and opponents of Stalin and Stalinism. Once Lenin, who, in his last months, sorely regretted his choice of Stalin, was no longer in the picture, Stalin sided with Zinoviev and Kamenev in their opposition to Trotsky. Trotsky, speaking in his quite imperfect English, responded to every accusation leveled by the Stalinists. Much like Hitler, he believed he could overcome this by hyperactivity (he was a very high-energy guy) and brilliant speeches. Trotsky held to this radical perspective even as Stalin signed a commercial agreement with Hitler in February 1940, then seized Bessarabia and Bukovina from Romania, and annexed Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Stalins downfall would also signal new life for the trade unions. (see this DjVu file of issue 1 1990 of the Russian language "Military-historical magazine", page 79), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Stalin did not outplay Trozky ideologically or intellectually - he outplayed him only because he had what Soviet people called "marble arse" - tons of documents, interior and exterior correspondence, cascading of loyalists to proper admin positions, re-shuffling of those loyalists. On the other hand, there do not appear to be any clear reasons why Trotsky actually was an important threat to him in 1940. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? Trotsky, however, was the head of the Council, so the struggle between the two continued. Trotsky quickly rose to a position of power in the party: just before the October Revolution, he was elected to the Bolshevik Central Committee. In that book is this remarkable description of Stalin, by then the sole ruler of the Soviet Union: Interesting talking was in the ranks of Soviet generals, isn't it? He was also responsible for organising protests which angered the Bolshevik elites. Trotsky was one of the most recognizable figures associated with the October Revolutionadmired, hated, and emulated within and outside the USSR. This systematic killing overlapped with the monstrosity of Stalins Show Trials. Stalin turns on the Right What about Trotsky's communist ideology differed from Stalin's and caused the perceived threat to the Soviet state? Related Topics . This Joint Opposition, never the most robust alliance, did not hold. But mainly, Trotsky had crossed him, so Trotsky had to go. The individual, who, more than any other, symbolized opposition to Stalinism, had been eliminated. The concept appealed to many Bolsheviks confronting the isolation of the globes only Marxist state. The method of murder chosen was interesting. What is the correct way to screw wall and ceiling drywalls? I know that many people here will say that Tukhachevsky, Trotsky and others were completely innocent and Stalin was a spiteful villain, who simply wanted everyone killed and the military coup never existed, just because he could never exist. Trotsky and other Soviet leaders were tried in 1906 on charges of supporting an armed rebellion. Stalin's ideas are popular with the party and by the late 1920s he becomes dictator of the Soviet Union. Is it possible to rotate a window 90 degrees if it has the same length and width? the fact that his [Blyukher's] death did not receive the usual purge publicity raises the possibility that Sorge's report had implicated him in one plot that was not fabricated by Stalin. He reached New York City in January 1917, where he joined the Bolshevik theoretician Nikolay Bukharin in editing the Russian-language paper Novy Mir (The New World). Trotsky held to this position until Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in January 1933. He was a hangman whose noose could reach across oceans. Almost a year before it started, Trotsky spoke of an impending Second World War as a new slaughter which is about to drown our whole planet in blood. The following sample essay on Why Did Stalin Succeed Lenin and not Trotsky. Caricature on Trotsky, depicting him as a cruel killer of masses. After Vladimir Lenin, the first Soviet head of state, suffered a stroke in early 1923, Trotsky and Stalin engaged in a contest for power. Trotsky attacked Stalin politically and personally through his books and while Lenin was alive. If the cable was about "Lida (a feminine name) is coming" then the wife should stayed, and if "Lida is not coming" that the wife should took the child and immediately left Khabarovks. Shockingly, they confessed, confessed to submitting to Trotskys demands to assassinate Stalin and several of his subordinates. His assessment in that respect therefore seems rational. For their contributions to the butchery, Stalin rewarded Genrikh Yagoda and Nikolai Yezhov, chiefs of the GPU during these years, by having them shot. Stalin left Trotsky live in exile for years and then suddenly decided that he needs to die in 1940. Leon Trotskyonce a vocal critic of Lenin and the Bolshevik Partyjoined the Bolsheviks in August 1917. He was actively waging a subversive war on the USSR, that is why he had to be assassinated. Whatever anti-Nazi sentiments issued from the Kremlin, Trotsky thought, were not worth the paper they were written on. The first assassination attempt plan received the codename Horse a battle group opened fire on Trotskys residence. Stalin and Trotsky, in their different ways, personified conflicting social and political forces. Euler: A baby on his lap, a cat on his back thats how he wrote his immortal works (origin?). From his exile, Trotsky continued to oppose Stalin, right up until Trotsky was assassinated in Mexico on Stalin's orders in August 1940. Why did children report their parents to the Secret Police? Did the USSR use trotskyism as a bogeyman in the post Stalin period? His antiwar stance led to his expulsion from both France and Spain. At the age of eight, he was sent to school in Odessa, where he spent eight years with the family of his mothers nephew, a liberal intellectual. Mark Zborowski, Ukrainian-born and known to Trotskys supporters under the false name tienne, soon worked his way into Sedovs circle. Following their death sentences, several successor trials ensued through 1938. Among the contenders for the role, two of the most powerful names in this struggle were Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. But Blyukher refused, saying that she was not only his wife, but "the mother of his child". After Vladimir Lenin, the first Soviet head of state, suffered a stroke in early 1923, Trotsky and Stalin engaged in a contest for power. Stalin put Trotsky into exile because He was murdered in Mexico on August 21st, 1940. The next day, Trotsky succumbed to his wounds, dead at the age of 60. Stalin was called off from the front to Moscow, but, soon after, he was appointed as a member of the Revolutionary Military Council. Does a summoned creature play immediately after being summoned by a ready action? What was Leon Trotskys role in the October Revolution? Still, much could be salvaged from the damage done by Stalinism. If Lenin had been in better health in his last days, Trotsky might have won because Lenin preferred him. Trotsky provided a slightly different interpretation of Marxism-Leninism, which was a threat for Stalin who derived his legitimacy from claiming Lenin's heritage. On 4 October 1906 he was convicted and sentenced to internal exile to Siberia. In fact, the victory of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War against the Axis states only solidified Stalins rule. What can a lawyer do if the client wants him to be acquitted of everything despite serious evidence? He died at the age of 74 from a stroke and is buried near the Kremlin walls Important Historical Topics Stalin's Five Year Plan 1. He plunged into literary activity there and completed his autobiography and his history of the Russian Revolution. Trotsky was known to be short and tactless with the Communist elite and frequently argued about Communist theory and the ideological future of the Soviet Union. He was an indefatigable worker, a rousing public speaker, and a decisive administrator. Only one of the members, Alfred Rosmer, a syndicalist and early supporter of the October Revolution, could be described as a Trotsky supporter. The second point is that Tukhachevsky's case, is still classified, as well as Blyukher's one, so there is no way for me to provide direct evidence as well as for other "historians", who were even allowed to the archives, since they do not provide documents but only excerpts from them in their own interpretation, often biased or outright distorted. He moved to Switzerland and then to Paris. Trotsky continued to function as the military leader of the Revolution when Kerensky vainly attempted to retake Petrograd with loyal troops. To maintain power. Trotsky long before he was exiled from the USSR embarrassed Stalin on many occasions by pointing Stalin his mistakes as a commander in Stalingrad, forcing Stalin to bow and apologize just for Stalin to keep his post, critical of Stalin's editing skills in Pravda, Mockery of Stalin's accent when speaking in Russian. When the death sentence was passed on Bukharin, Stalin's long-neutralised and powerless former rival, Bukharin was allowed to write a short note to his sometime friend. "He is gifted with practicality, a strong will, and persistence in carrying out his aims. Trotsky imagined a restored involvement of workers in economic policy. Trotskys attempts to attack Stalin thereafter were largely unsuccessful. When Sedov checked himself into a private clinic in Paris run by Russian emigres complaining of an appendicitis, the Soviets knew. @0tyranny0poverty: What was objectively true was less important than what Stalin thought. Stalins agents also infiltrated the circle around Trotskys son, Leon Sedov. He vanished and, it is believed, was shot in October 1937. His work of compilation, The Foundations of Leninism, in which he made an attempt to pay tribute to the theoretical traditions of the party, is full of sophomoric errors. How did the KPD relate to the German state during the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact? Trotsky did not hesitate to label the Stalin dictatorship totalitarian, a concept still relatively new in political thought. Lenin resolved this conflict in favor of Trotsky. Moreover, Stalin calculated that after he had succeeded i. During this time, Trotsky directed the Soviet military forces. Earlier that year, he had declared that Stalins name will be a byword for the uttermost limits of human baseness. This damning statement received confirmation with Stalins next movedividing up Poland with Hitler. At the age of eighteen, he enthusiastically embraced Marxism. Trotsky's Results and Prospects (1906) outlined his brilliant conception of "permanent revolution," a Marxist theory of how a bourgeois-democratic revolution in Imperial Russia would inevitably transform into a socialist revolution that would engender revolution far beyond Russian territory. Trotskys expectation that World War II would lead to the toppling of Stalin and the restoration of a true workers state in the U.S.S.R. never, of course, materialized. This revolution, Trotsky made clear, would resemble the European upheavals of 1830 and 1848 more than the October Revolution. Clarification: I see Stalin as a paranoid tyrant who did take power by force, and was afraid that others would do the same to him. After Stalin maneuvered them out of positions of authority, Kamenev and Zinoviev threw in their lot with Trotsky in 1926. A second assassination attempt took place some three months later. Thus, in Trotskys view, the lasting success of a socialist revolution (e.g., the October Revolution) depends on revolutions in other countries. The stories relayed by the accused placed him at the center of a massive, worldwide anti-Soviet conspiracy. Stalin had Trotsky assassinated for personal reasons. Leon Trotsky was a communist theorist and Soviet politician. In 1907, after a second exile to Siberia, Trotsky once again escaped. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? Stalin, wielding his power like a club, expelled Trotsky and his followers from the party in late 1927. However, in the ensuing power struggle, he fell foul of his nemesis,. (Note that the. The American Committee set up a Commission of Inquiry, chaired by John Dewey, the famous Pragmatist philosopher. But there are many interesting things told by this woman. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Now the majority of historians say that he was tortured etc. Trotsky making a speech in front of the soldiers. The working class had been ravaged by three years of civil war. Thanks for contributing an answer to History Stack Exchange! Trotsky, as the leader of the Fourth International, was a direct competitor to Stalin as the Leader of the World Worker Movement. It was not enough to just kill Klement; decapitation and dismemberment were required to incite extra terror. On the night of May 23, Siqueiross men broke into the home and fired over 200 shots. Kirov was gunned down in December 1934. "Communism was always a worldwide revolution" You're confusing Leninist, Trotskyite, and Stalinist ideology? As long as political parties did not try to restore capitalism, they could operate, recruit, and compete for power. Why did Stalin rather than Trotsky emerge as leader of the USSR in 1929? Governmental authority crumbled quickly, and Petrograd was largely in Bolshevik hands by the time Lenin reappeared from the underground on November 7 to take direct charge of the Revolution and present the Congress of Soviets with an accomplished fact when it convened next day. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. What was the relationship between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Trotsky hailed the outbreak of revolution in Russia in February (March, New Style) as the opening of the permanent revolution he had predicted. The vision Trotsky held in The Revolution Betrayed of political institutions in a liberated, post-Stalin USSR may surprise some. Sudoplatov, the main organizer of Trotskys assassination, later recalled that Stalin explained the necessity to get rid of his former ally in such words: Trotsky has to be eliminated within a year, before inevitable war commences. In 1933 Trotsky secured permission to move to France. Arrested in January 1898 for revolutionary activity, Bronshtein spent four and a half years in prison and in exile in Siberia, during which time he married his coconspirator Aleksandra Sokolovskaya and fathered two daughters. Is there a single-word adjective for "having exceptionally strong moral principles"? And he knew that Stalins response to German expansion in Eastern Europe would be critical. He was to prominent and opinionated. On August 20, 1940, Spanish communist Ramn Mercader fatally struck Trotsky with an ice pick. Under the New Economic Policy (NEP) set in motion by Lenin in 1921, the Bolsheviks had to concentrate on economic recovery after the severe wartime measures. Why couldn't Trotsky overcome Stalin? land, factories, mines, shipyards, oilfields), railways, and banks, as well as the planned economy, would remain. With Mercader beaten unconscious and the police called, he collapsed into the arms of his wife, Natalia Sedova. In this form of totalitarianism, a bureaucracy, a privileged caste, at the top of which Stalin perched like an absolute monarch, lorded it over the working class. Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin were political rivals. For eight years, Trotsky traversed what he called a planet without a visa, a planet torn apart by the worst economic crisis in the history of capitalism. Science and the arts might flourish once more. He advocated full-scale terror and dictatorship within the country, as well as spreading the fire of Revolution across the entire world. Answer by Jamez Metcalfe Why did Stalin kill anyone? Internationally, the USSR stood alone. Following the Munich Agreement of September 1938, Trotsky expected the Soviet government to seek an agreement with Hitler. He died there under mysterious circumstances in February 1938, five months before Klement disappeared. Trotsky argued that capitalism, stricken for a decade by mass unemployment, immigration quotas, tariff wars, and the constriction of trade, had entered its death agony as well. Please, cite your sources (apart from Glasha's tale). In this period, the Soviet Union was perhaps the most dangerous place in the world for independent-thinking Marxists, an astounding thing to say, given the records of the fascist regimes. The third point. Trotsky made his way to London, where he joined the group of Russian Social-Democrats working with Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin) on the revolutionary newspaper Iskra (The Spark). Ramon Mercader, aka Frank Jackson, Aug. 31, 1940. Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin were political rivals. And he could do so while watching his enemy live a refugees existence. Trotskys designation of the USSR as a degenerated workers state highlighted his conviction that Stalin had betrayed and degraded the original, liberatory aspects of the Bolshevik Revolution. I've edited the question appropriately. Under the alias of Canadian businessmanFrank Jacson, he had infiltrated Leon Trotskys household in Coyocan, a borough of Mexico City, several months earlier. Upon the outbreak of revolutionary disturbances in 1905, Trotsky returned to Russia. He communicated with Left Oppositionists still holding on inside Russia, edited the Bulletin of the Opposition, the most significant forum for Trotskys analyses of the contemporary world, and wrote an expos of the Show Trials then taking place in the USSR. At the Second Congress of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers Party, held in Brussels and London in July 1903, Trotsky sided with the Menshevik factionadvocating a democratic approach to socialismagainst Lenin and the Bolsheviks. world) revolution." The importance of World War II to Jean-Paul Sartres life and thought is often overlooked. Know about the life of Leon Trotsky and his role in the October Revolution. During the mid-1920s, Trotsky responded to these developments by calling for a restoration of workers democracy within the Communist Party. With its electrified wires, alarms, and enforced doors, their house in Coyocan looked more like a fortress than a home. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Thanks to Stalin, Trotskyism soon became a term of opprobrium for elitism, factionalism, and a lack of connectedness to the masses of workers and peasants. These two men, who had been with Lenin for years, felt threatened by Trotskys popularity and his military record. And, if Stalins collectivization was considered violent, Trotskys plans towards the village population, if they were exercised, would have been truly hellish. Click here to find out more. Victory did not mean in this case, though, validity for the system Stalin molded. He clung to it as his own health deteriorated and, as he had long feared, Stalins assassins closed in on him. So let me add some additional information to this. Still, Trotsky, true to his Marxism, hoped that sovietization in Poland and Finland might free workers and peasants in both countries from the dominance of capitalists and landlords. Indeed, with Trotskys murder, Stalin demonstrated his most terrifying talent. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. The point of this cases is that Trotsky was not simply sitting in Mexico and writing memoirs, as did many other ideological enemies of the Bolsheviks in the world, like Kerensky, for instance. In the aftermath, Trotsky was jailed and brought to trial in 1906. Leon Trotsky, byname of Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, (born November 7 [October 26, Old Style], 1879, Yanovka, Ukraine, Russian Empiredied August 21, 1940, Coyoacn, Mexico), communist theorist and agitator, a leader in Russias October Revolution in 1917, and later commissar of foreign affairs and of war in the Soviet Union (191724). Squabbles between Stalinists and Trotskyists inside the Spanish Republicans cost them dearly and demonstrated that Trotsky was still a force to be reckoned with. From the Show Trials, ever more outlandish tales about Trotsky were spun. The struggle between the two party leaders entered its open phase, due to Lenins illness the leader of the party couldnt engage in political activity anymore; he simply withdrew. Trotsky knew that a combination of torture, threats to family members, and promises of freedom, if confessions were given, allowed the travesties to occur. At the outbreak of World War I, Trotsky joined the majority of Russian Social-Democrats who condemned the war and refused to support the war effort of the tsarist regime. Young activists violently broke up Opposition meetings with methods reminiscent of Mussolinis Fascist squads. Stalin fought Trotsky and the 'Left Opposition' through state-sponsored terrorism. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. 504-528-1944, Jenny Craig Institute for the Study of War and Democracy, The Imperative to Witness: Memoirs by Survivors of Auschwitz, Confronting the Histories of Vichy and European Fascism: An Interview with Robert O. Paxton, Commitment, Choice, and Revolutionary Democracy: The Philosophy and Politics of JeanPaul Sartre with Ian Birchall, The Foundation of the Socialist Unity Party. Trotsky did not believe an economic system could exist in isolation. Countering the way Stalins handpicked historians distorted the Soviet past, Trotsky had already authored The Stalin School of Falsification. Alternate titles: Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, Emeritus Professor of History, University of Vermont, Burlington. He settled in Vienna and supported himself as a correspondent in the Balkan Wars of 191213. How to react to a students panic attack in an oral exam? This movement (whose American branch was the Socialist Workers Party) proved to be little more than a shadow organization, although a small founding conference was officially held in France in 1938. Subsequently, Hitler crushed the mighty German workers movement with hardly a fight. @o.m. Among the papers next to where Trotsky struggled against his assassin was a long, unfinished manuscript, a biography of Stalin he penned to expose his enemy. How do I align things in the following tabular environment? The latter was the main associate of the undisputed leader of the Bolsheviks - Vladimir Lenin . and actually there is no way for an ordinary man, who is seeking truth, to check now whether this was true. The Stalin regime was too despotic and unpopular to weather the storm of total war. Miraculously, Trotsky and Natalia survived. So, too, was Nikolai Bukharin, one of Bolshevisms leading theoreticians, a sharp critic of Trotsky and the Left Opposition, and a onetime backer of Stalin. Stalin decided not to resort to extreme measures: Trotsky was removed from his posts, expelled from the party and, in 1929, expelled from the USSR. There was the Red Scare in the United States in the same period. Was Trotskyism, being closer to true Marxism, more genuine of a communist threat to the capitalist west than Stalinism? In August, after delays and missteps, he fulfilled his deadly mission. Whichever claim you end up deciding on, it merits elaboration. Some say however, it was Stalin's . Henceforth, throngs of people uttered their names togetherLenin and Trotsky. As a member of the Bolshevik-led Military Revolutionary Committee, Trotsky played a decisive role in the insurrection in Petrograd (formerly St. Petersburg), events he would later chronicle in his famed History of the Russian Revolution. Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been, Though I'm still sticking to my own answer, I would like to add one source to this one. Leon Trotsky was a communist with a unique worldview. Major events are often rooted deeply in the pastthe long fuse that leads to explosions. Which is why Lenin initiated the New Economic Plan after the Russian revolution failed to spread. For many, Marxism became irrevocably defined by and identified with Stalinism. Life is beautiful, he said. A mistake, fateful for all three, though, had already been made. He remained the leader of an anti-Stalinist opposition abroad until his assassination by a Stalinist agent. In January 1928 Trotsky and his principal followers were exiled to remote parts of the Soviet Union, Trotsky himself being assigned to Alma-Ata (now Almaty) in Central Asia. This website uses cookies. The attack on Pearl Harbor was decades in the making, but still came as a shock. The success of a Marxist-Leninist-Trotskyist movement would have endangered both his physical survival and his political legacy. With his nemesis murdered and Mercader, the murderer, denying any Soviet involvement (he would eventually serve 20years in a Mexican prison), Stalin could feel a deep satisfaction. Why did Stalin choose to exile Trotsky instead of killing him, just to turn around and have him assassinated 11 years later? Do I need a thermal expansion tank if I already have a pressure tank? Like Stalin, Hitler and Mussolini would meet the severe justice of the proletariat. Get the week's best stories straight to your inbox. In 1935 Trotsky was compelled to move to Norway, and in 1936, under Soviet pressure, he was forced to seek asylum in Mexico, where he settled at Coyoacn. By hook or by crook, I defeated him in the power struggle after Lenin's death in '24. Shortly before this, in Paris, Trotsky had met and married Natalya Sedova, by whom he subsequently had two sons, Lev and Sergey. He also criticized the new regime for. Against Trotsky's argument that socialism in one country was impossible, Stalin maintained that an independent socialist state could exist. With Mercader beaten unconscious and the police called, he collapsed into the arms of his wife, Natalia Sedova. Coming to pick his girlfriend up after work, he slowly began to gain the trust of the inhabitants of the house: he was invited in, he showed interest towards Trotskys ideas and brought presents for his grandson. Are they discredited from the start? 945 Magazine Street, New Orleans, LA 70130 Since Stalin expelled him and Natalia from the USSR, the beleaguered revolutionaries had found temporary sanctuary in Turkey, France, and Norway. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. He played a key role in the Russian Revolution of 1917. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Nin disappeared at a critical moment in the Spanish revolutionaries struggle against Francisco Franco, never to been seen again. Stalin must have been worried that Trotsky could be recruited to participate in some project by one of Russia's potential enemies. Trotsky was a Left wing Bolshevik party member whom Stalin once opposed in the power struggle of 1924-1928. That did not save him. I expelled him from the Party. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? It would be a political revolution, not a social one. Trotsky, despite a decade of exile, still remained a popular figure to some in Russia; and more so around the world. During party work, Stalin and Trotsky had disagreements on many issues, but their animosity turned into a real hatred after the Tsaritsyn conflict. Don't forget that Stalin had a vengeful personality and wanted to kill Trotsky out of pure spite too. Some three months later, however, Ramn Mercader, a Spanish communist who had won the confidence of the Trotsky household, fatally struck him with an ice pick. This gave him authority over party membership and appointments. Stalin was concerned about Stalin and the fate of the Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist world revolution. Proletarian revolt would have to topple Stalin and the bureaucracy. In 1922, Lenin, appreciating his organizational talents, chose Stalin for the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party.

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