which of the following statements accurately describes viruses?30 Mar which of the following statements accurately describes viruses?

a) Vertical transmission is transmission of a virus from a parent plant to its progeny, and horizontal transmission is one plant spreading the virus to another plant. Factor related to the toxic agent - Composition and reactivity of the chemical Exposure to radiation during an x-ray for a broken foot - Acute exposure A piece of dialysis tubing has been filled with a cloudy white solution of 5 percent starch, 5 percent egg albumin (protein), and 5 percent glucose (a small sugar) dissolved in water to simulate a cell. If a bottle of perfume were spilled in the corner of a large lecture hall, the students sitting near that corner of the room would very quickly smell the perfume. Members of a population vary in their level of sensitivity to a toxin. Some antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections kill the bacteria by chemically punching holes in the cell wall of the bacteria, by preventing the bacteria from replicating their DNA, or by many other actions that ultimately cause cell death. - Chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are increasing and spreading to poorer populations. Some viruses have an external membrane envelope. c. facilitated diffusion e) re-infection by the same herpesvirus strain, b) copies of the herpesvirus genome remaining as mini-chromosomes in some host cell nuclei. e. CD18. Trauma - Car accidents CRE is a lethal bacteria that is resistant to ________________; it causes <5% of all hospital infections but is fatal in about 50% of the cases. B cells; CR2 Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope. - requires manufacturers to show that a substance is not dangerous before it is introduced into the marketplace. c - Dose must be above a threshold level before anyone in the population shows a response which suggests the presence of some defense mechanism against the harmful effects of the toxin. This manuscript presents a full duplex communication system for the Deaf and Mute (D-M) based on Machine Learning (ML). Which of the following types of organisms are commonly single-celled (unicellular)? It has not been previously known or has been absent for at least 20 years. B.) Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? 13-53 Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a condition resulting in chronic bacterial and fungal infections, is caused by one or more defects in _____, compromising the ability of macrophages to _____. b) A large number of phages are released at a time. d. phagocytosis. a. C1INH 6. b. Larger fish eat smaller fish Chytridiomycosis (or chytrid fungus) is an ecological disease that affects amphibians and is ______. c. All living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. After returning to your desk, you observe the slide with your microscope and notice that all of the red blood cells (RBCs) do not look like the nice round donut shaped cells in your lab manual. d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. c. They do not readily mix with the hydrophobic tails forming the core of the phospholipid bilayer; therefore, they must move across by facilitated diffusion. This idea is summarized in the statement "the ___________________ makes the poison. 13-48 Individuals with an immunodeficiency affecting B-cell function are more susceptible to infections caused by which of the following pathogens? True or false: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health, we are all ill to some extent. Radiation - UV rays. a. exocytosis d. Transport proteins, channel proteins, and passive carrier proteins all help increase the selective permeability of a phospholipid bilayer membrane. b) Replication of their genomes does not involve proofreading. a. A nonliving complex of RNA or DNA protected by a protein coat Viruses can reproduce only using a host cell. This number doesn't include people killed by smoking tobacco. Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between the way bacteria cause diseases and the way that viruses cause diseases? c. osmosis. - Though cells have repair mechanisms to restore damaged DNA, there is no safe threshold for exposure to mutagens as the repair process may be flawed. b. gp120 b. impenetrable - better nutrition Hydraulic structures, e.g., sluicegates and pumping stations, can directly influence flooding processes and should be represented in flood modeling and risk assessment. a. neuraminidase b. hemagglutinin The heaviest burden of illness is borne by ______. D) Illness is a normal process that affects level of functioning. Large molecules are always excluded from crossing the membrane. c. The cell should gain weight over time because it is hypertonic to the beaker environment and water will enter the cell through osmosis. 13-32 A deficiency in _____ causes a condition that closely resembles X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and is characterized by inefficient cytokine signaling. 13-3 A primary immune response against influenza virus produces antibodies that bind to _____. Select one or more: O a. the virus is able to transform into a host cell. d) the proteins on the viral surface and that of the host cell membrane. In the following section, we describe this approach in detail. Which of the following statements about global health trends are true? Yes; without organelles, prokaryotic cells cannot photosynthesize or respire. What general cell type are you most likely observing? c. They stimulate between 2% and 20% of the total T-cell population. Viruses are very diverse. Which statement is incorrect regarding internal control in personal computer environment? Examine the figure below. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. b) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. b. respiratory syncytial virus d. massive production of IL-2, IFN-, and TNF- C.) A virus is nonliving because it lacks an organelle that allows movement. - the presence of a defense mechanism that prevents the toxin from reaching its target or repairs the damage that the toxin causes d) lytic phages Over time, the students sitting in the far corner of the room would smell the perfume. Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. D. A virus does not have a cell, produces carbon dioxide, and uses oxygen. d. carbohydrates. e) Viruses can replicate independently of their cellular hosts. c) II A virus must use its host-cell processes to replicate. Multiple Choice Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. d. Listeria monocytogenes - that some minimal dose is necessary before any effect can be observed. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypotonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypertonic. d. The RBCs were hypertonic to the saline; this resulted in water osmosing through the RBC plasma membrane mostly into the cells. d. reverse transcriptase. The dose-response curve shown here describes which of these ideas? . b. a virus-encoded complement receptor Match each of the potential toxins listed below to their most likely routes of exposure. If the bacteria cannot be moved across the WBC membrane, how will the WBC most likely take it in? 13-39 _____ cause(s) mild and limited disease, whereas _____ cause(s) more severe disease and higher mortality. 13-22 When deficient, which of the following proteins does not render the individual more susceptible to encapsulated bacteria? No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome caused by deficiency of CHS1 Which of the following statements correctly describes how factors related to the individual influence how she or he responds to toxins in the environment? a) co-infection with an unrelated virus that causes the same symptoms a. transcriptional regulators of HLA class II loci e. capsular polysaccharide. Find the general solution of the given system. - possibly spread by humans from one cave to another on their shoes and clothing. Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between viruses and bacteria? c. Cold sores develop as a consequence of CD8 T-cell killing. O Enveloped viruses do not have protein spikes. e) proviruses. Our professionals strive to design and deliver high quality human and health services that improve the safety, independence, and well-being of the people of . - Our increasing ability to detect traces of a substance sometimes means that though we can detect it, the level may be too low to cause harm. - Allergens activate the immune system. It may last a few seconds or a few hours. b. S. pneumoniae is never completely eradicated during an infection and can reactivate if the host is immunocompromised. True or false: All species have approximately the same reaction to a specific compound. c. herpes zoster III. d. active transport. Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope. 13-11 Herpesviruses include all of the following except _____. Compare and contrast the nuclear envelope and the plasma membrane. Water-soluble types - These substances move widely in the environment and also have ready access to body cells as their solvent is ubiquitous B.) f. It is able to render target cells responsive even if they express only one functional allele of IFNR1. The radish cells were hypotonic to the water in which they were soaking. - Differences between acute and chronic exposures Match each of the following factors to how it influences whether a particular chemical will prove to be dangerous. b. 30 seconds. Debates in establishing environmental health policy include whether to ______. Question: Which of the following statements accurately describes a viral envelope? You are a microbiologist working with a species of bacteria that can perform photosynthesis. . a. it created the massachusetts bay colony. b. the cytoplasmic tail is truncated 13-43 Which of the following is not used by the herpes simplex virus to subvert host immune responses? c. gp41 - for activities we enjoy or find profitable The possibility of suffering harm or loss resulting from a given action is referred to as ______. IV. Viral genomes consist of what type of nucleic acid molecules? Rank the order of the following causes of death, putting the lowest risk of death for a person in the United States on bottom and the highest risk of death at the top. c. CD28 b. Differences in physiology, metabolism, and body size result in species reacting ______ to a specific compound, which makes human risk difficult to estimate. Which of the following processes can be effective in preventing the onset of viral infection in humans? This is an example of They are recycled by endocytosis more quickly than the normal receptor. stable, they do not degrade easily and have become extremely widespread in the environment. a. the cytosol. 80% of antibiotics used in the United States are _______. d. HIV is transferred from an infected person to an uninfected recipient The Zika virus is most commonly transmitted by. is an emerging discipline that seeks to understand how environmental changes threaten our health and the environment itself. c. transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) III. c. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes associated with the mitochondria of the bacteria. b) casing Capitalism is an economic system that operates under the. On the basis of the experimental data and the gradient-less optimization approach, the modeling strategy and the parameterized equivalent dynamic finite element model are presented. d. superantigens During the process of ________, water diffuses across a semipermeable membrane from an area where water is more concentrated to an area where water is less concentrated (it moves along the water concentration gradient). a. adenosine deaminase (ADA) - demand protection from every potentially harmful contaminant or accept some exposure as our bodies can repair some damage a. effective at minuscule concentrations Which of the following statements accurately describes the measles virus? a. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV Which of the following are true about the effects of exposure to carcinogens? Pesticide residue on food - Ingestion (gastrointestinal tract) They readily mix with the hydrophobic tails forming the core of the phospholipid bilayer. 13-47 Which of the following statements regarding inherited immunodeficiency diseases is correct? c. variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) The tertiary structure consists of eight beta-strands connected by -helices (known as the globin fold) Hemoglobin is a tetramer composed of two different types of globin subunits, each of which has an O 2 binding site we are exposed to many sources of harm, and it is difficult to separate the effects of different hazards in order to evaluate their risks accurately. b. Haemophilus influenzae 6 Tco 1 Which Statement Best Describes A Capitalist. Which of the following is a reasonable and possible explanation of the experimental results? A.) Proviruses form immediately after the RNA genome assembles with viral proteins and infectious irons are produced, 13-68 The pol gene of HIV produces all of the following except _____. d. eukaryotic cells . - Most organisms tolerate some exposure to a toxin but ultimately the dose gets large enough to kill them. . Increased frequency:decreased depth of penetration C. Increased blood flow:greater temperature increase D. Increased water content:increased ultrasound absorption Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. b. simple diffusion Which of the following characterizes Chytridiomycosis? c) They are rarely spread by insects. What general type of membrane are you observing? The color change indicates that the iodine molecules were small enough to diffuse across the membrane and react with the starch inside the cell. Which of these best describes a virus? The ________________ principle is being used to regulate toxins by requiring manufacturers to prove that substances are safe rather than requiring regulators to show that they are dangerous. 13-38 The mode of evolution responsible for the production of recombinant influenza viruses composed of a genome derived from two different influenza variants is called _____. Viruses contain organelles while bacteria cells do not Tags: Question 2 SURVEY 30 seconds Q. Where is the most likely place that enzymes needed for cellular respiration are anchored and functioning? e. antigenic drift. Mutable requirements Emergent requirements Consequential requirements Compatibility requirements SCENARIO: Consider an online shopping portal that allows a customer to browse and purchase different products. c. Both membranes consist of two concentric phospholipid bilayers, are selectively permeable, and have pores. Match the examples to chronic or acute effects and exposures. Vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) . answer choices they need genetic material They need a host cell They need bacteria They need insulin B. b) IV b. chronic granulomatous disease d. a eukaryotic cell with a nucleus. b. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome: GM-CSF injections d. a ribosome. Traditional reliability design methods describe the dispersion degree of soil parameters with their point variance without considering the influence of correlation distance. 13-21 Individuals with an antibody deficiency are more susceptible to infections by all of the following except _____. d. integrase a. reverse transcriptase answer choices Viruses can eat and metabolize food. Match the term with its correct definition. Its function most resembles You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion.

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